The important part here is understanding whether the user answering the survey is an entitled Maximo user. In newer versions of MAS, it is possible to utilize a guest access flow for Service Requests but not for inspections. If they're licensed users, you can send them a URL that allows them to launch directly to the inspection record.
In Control Desk (the pre-cursor to Maximo IT), there was a survey feature that was available as part of self-service. The guest access flow wouldn't support it directly, meaning you would need a user account for each user, but you could allow them to execute a survey without a license.